- American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)
CPA Performance View is the AICPA's branded version of performance measurement. The AICPA has recognized performance measurement as a growing area that is well suited to the skill sets of CPAs.
Our focus is to explain the concepts of performance measurement and get CPAs to understand how performance measurement will allow them to perform their roles better by using their current skills to focus on more than just the financial side of an organization.
- American Society for Public Administration (ASPA)
The Center for Accountability and Performance aims to improve the practice of public service by helping PA professionals acquire the knowledge, technical skills and resources necessary to successfully manage for results. CAP achieves its mission through education, training, advocacy, technical assistance, resource sharing, and research into best practices in Performance Management.
- Association of Government Accountants (AGA)
Since 1950, the Association of Government Accountants has been—and remains today—the educational organization dedicated to the enhancement of public financial management. AGA serves the professional interests of financial managers, from local, state and federal governments, as well as public accounting firms, responsible for effectively using billions of dollars and other monetary resources every day.
Each year, AGA presents one crystal award to a government professional who exemplifies and promotes excellence in government, outstanding leadership, high ethical standards and innovative management procedures.
- The Balanced Scorecard Institute
The Balanced Scorecard Institute is an independent educational institute that provides training and guidance to assist government agencies and companies in applying balanced scorecard concepts to strategic management.
The Institute’s mission is to provide web-based guidance, information and tools to government and nonprofit managers as they attempt to design and implement measurement-based management in state, local and federal government environments.
- The Brookings Institute
The Center for Public Management (CPM) was founded in 1994 and then folded into the Center for Public Service in 1999. CPM's projects examined a wide variety of public management issues, including Devolution: Welfare Reform in the States, Environmental Management, Performance Measurement, and Government Reform in Federal Agencies and Foreign Governments. This explores the potential of performance-based systems for improving environmental quality, enhancing trust, and redefining the federal-state environmental partnership.
- The Citizens Budget Commission
The Citizens Budget Commission is a nonpartisan, nonprofit civic organization devoted to influencing constructive change in the finances and services of New York City and New York State government.
The CBC has a long history of using performance data to analyze and report to the public on the quantity, efficiency and quality of municipal services in New York City. These reports have developed from simple "scorecards" in the early 1980s of whether measures for a variety of services had improved, deteriorated or remained the same over a particular period, to in-depth managerial assessments of individual public agencies, complete with recommendations for improvement.
- Citizens League (Minnesota)
The Citizens League promotes the public interest in Minnesota by involving citizens in identifying and framing critical public policy choices, forging recommendations and advocating their adoption. The goal of this project is to study ways to ensure that citizens are involved in government performance assessment. The project focuses on a combination of citizen participation and performance management in which citizens can be both users of performance data and agenda-setters who may determine goals and performance standards.
- Citizens League (Cleveland)
The Citizens League of Greater Cleveland is a unique and valuable organization. Now 104 years old, it is known for its independence, objectivity and nonpartisan approach. Its members stay in touch with the complex issues and constant changes on the local political scene. We identify and study public issues, urge government efficiency, support sound legislation, and monitor public officials' performance.
- A Report by the Citizens League Research Institute
The Citizens League Research Institute was founded by the Citizens League of Greater Cleveland in 1943 and was a private, non-partisan, non-profit organization that analyzes issues relating to local government management, structure, finance, and performance. CLRI served the Northeast Ohio community with objective, accurate and timely information about recent trends and current issues in government. This information was used by the Citizens League in formulating its advocacy programs, as well as by local citizens, governments and community organizations.
- Congressional Institute
The Congressional Institute, Inc. is dedicated to helping Members of Congress better serve the nation and to helping the public better understand public policy debates and the operations of the national legislature.
In 1993, the Congress passed and the President signed into law a bipartisan initiative designed to fundamentally change the way government works. Known as the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA), or Results Act for short, this law changes the federal government's budgeting and policymaking mechanisms in dramatic ways.
If implemented properly, the Results Act will correct many of the inherent performance deficits found within the culture of Congress and today's federal bureaucracy.
Instead of judging government performance on the basis of the amount of money that is spent or activities that are conducted, every federal program—and the advocates of these programs—will be judged on whether or not their ideas and approaches produce real, tangible results for the taxpayer's dollar.
- Connecticut Policy and Economic Council (CPEC)
CPEC (Hartford, CT) provides information, communication resources, and innovative decision-making processes to citizens, community and business leaders, civic organizations, and local governments in order to set priorities and help improve government performance.
The City Scan Project, which puts state of the art technology in the hands of citizens, is considered a national model for citizen-based assessment o the performance of city government.
CPEC’s website is user-friendly and allows visitors to compare information across the state, as well as build graphical representations of the data. The database includes factors such as spending per public school pupil, teacher salaries, average student test scores, crime rates, per capita income and unemployment rates. Among the comparative taxing and spending information are per capita figures for property taxes, state aid, spending on police and libraries, and outstanding debt, as well as five-year percentage changes for most indicators.
"The DC Scorecard was a community-driven performance measurement process for determining priorities and evaluating government services. It was a vehicle for communicating information to citizens, customers, and stakeholders inside and outside of government about the City government’s performance. It focused on the top priorities of citizens and hence, the top service priorities of the government as a whole. It was designed to collect and disseminate information in a simple, understandable form. It provided the vehicle for District Government to regularly collect feedback and data on key indicators and subsequently report these results to the public.”
The Scorecard was developed by an independent, self-supporting partnership, working in cooperation with DC Government. The Scorecard Partnership is an alliance of DC Agenda, the Center for Excellence in Municipal Management at The George Washington University, and the Alliance for Redesigning Government of the National Academy of Public Administration. The Partnership was intended to complement the leadership role of DC city government in implementing a performance-based management system.
When the DC Scorecard ceased operations in 2004, the Neighborhood Data was transferred to NeighborhoodInfo DC. It also took on the function of the DC Agenda's Neighborhood Information Service
- Education Commission of the States (ECS)
The Education Commission of the States is an interstate compact created in 1965 to improve public education by facilitating the exchange of information, ideas and experiences among state policymakers and education leaders. In collaboration with The University of Texas at Austin and Just for the Kids, the ECS provides a website as a basic how-to guide for setting up a system to hold elementary and secondary schools accountable for their performance.
At the 1996 National Education Summit governors and leading business executives called for an "external, independent, non-governmental effort to measure and report each state's annual progress in setting standards, improving the quality of teaching, incorporating technology, supporting innovation, and improving student achievement."
In January 1997, Education Week published its first annual report on the condition of public education in the 50 states and the District of Columbia—Quality Counts. The objective of the report was be to provide the kind of information an average citizen would need to evaluate the quality of public education in his or her state.
Each edition includes an in-depth examination of a central issue in education, state report cards, and indicators on the state of the state. They require registration to the site to view.
- Florida TaxWatch
Florida TaxWatch is a statewide citizen watchdog organization with a long interest in performance, accountability, efficiency, and effectiveness. The mission of Florida TaxWatch is to provide the citizens of Florida with high quality, independent research and education on government revenues, expenditures, taxation, policies and programs to promote the effective and efficient use of the taxpayers' dollars and to increase the productivity and accountability of Florida government.
- Fund for the City of New York
The Fund for the City of New York is a private operating foundation launched by the Ford Foundation in 1968 with the mandate to improve the quality of life for all New Yorkers. Through centers on youth, government and technology as well as core organizational assistance, the Fund introduces and helps to implement innovations in policy, programs, practice and technology in order to advance the functioning of government and nonprofit organizations in New York City and beyond.
The Fund's Center on Municipal Government Performance was created in 1995 with a Sloan grant. Its work builds on the Fund's experience as a pioneer in the development of "scorecard" systems for assessing service outcomes. The Center is engaged in three projects:
- International City/County Management Association (ICMA)
ICMA’s Center for Performance Measurement, with support from the Sloan Foundation and Urban Institute, has worked with U.S. and Canadian local governments since 1994 to develop and refine measures of local government service delivery performance, as well as to collect, clean, and analyze the corresponding data. The ICMA Center is one of the longest-standing and most comprehensive local government comparative performance measurement efforts.
The ICMA Center for Performance Measurement is dedicated to helping local governments measure, compare, and improve municipal service delivery. ICMA's Comparative Performance Measurement Program currently assists approximately 130 cities and counties in the United States and Canada with the collection, analysis, and application of performance information.
- The Innovation Groups
The Innovation Groups is a nonprofit organization with a membership base of city, town, and county governments. Our main purpose is to help you network with colleagues and share information pertinent to your job. IG offers training in several areas pertinent to government leadership and development.
The Innovation Groups has collected a number of performance measurement and benchmarking documents and housed them in their Knowledge Center. They also offer research packets of compiled information on Performance and benchmarking.
- Iowa Citizen Initiated Performance Assessment (CIPA)
CIPA is a result-oriented governing system that engages citizens and community organizations in the design, implementation and usage of performance measures, so that a city government is more accountable to the public, citizens have stronger trust in government, and public services are more cost-effective.
- Jacksonville Community Council Inc. (JCCI)
JCCI is the pioneer in developing indicators to measure community progress, beginning with JCCI's Quality of Life Indicators in 1985 and following with the Community Agenda a decade later. With every annual update of each set of indicators, JCCI's proactive efforts in community indicators are enhanced, and Northeast Florida remains a recognized world leader in this work.
- Maine Development Foundation
The Maine Development Foundation champions sustainable, long-term economic growth for Maine. The Foundation is a catalyst for new ideas and provides common ground for solving problems and advancing issues. To accomplish its mission, the Foundation enables leaders to act, develops new approaches, advances higher education and skills for workers, informs and guides policy decisions, and models organizational excellence. The Foundation is the oldest and one of the most successful statewide public-private partnerships in the nation. The organization was created by the Legislature over twenty years ago as a private, non-profit corporation with a broad mandate to promote Maine's economy. The organization is financed primarily with private resources.
- Mid-America Regional Council: Performance Measurement Project
“Eleven cities in the Kansas City metropolitan area, along with the Mid-America Regional Council (MARC), the region’s council of governments, developed the Kansas City Performance Measurement Pilot Project. By approaching performance measurements in a cooperative manner the participating cities were able to reduce the costs of expert assistance to their individual governments, were able to learn about performance measures, were able to share information among staff, and were able to compare results to those of other communities going through the same process.”
- National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA)
The National Academy of Public Administration is the preeminent organization dedicated to improving the performance of governance systems-the network of public institutions, nonprofit organizations, and private companies that share in the implementation of public policy.
In September 1997, NAPA established the Center for Improving Government Performance and established a Performance Consortium to assist agencies in the successful implementation of the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA/Results Act) and related performance-based management initiatives.
- The National Center for Educational Accountability
The National Center for Educational Accountability, created in November 2001, is a joint venture of ECS, the University of Texas at Austin and Just for the Kids, an Austin, Texas-based nonprofit organization. The center’s mission is to expand states’ knowledge of how to use data to monitor, analyze and improve student and school performance. The center’s work will be accomplished through a combination of research, information gathering, policy analysis and outreach.
- National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education
The National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education promotes public policies that enhance Americans' opportunities to pursue and achieve high-quality education and training beyond high school. The National Center communicates performance results and key findings to the public, to civic, business and higher education leaders, and to state and federal leaders who are poised to improve higher education policy.
- National Center for Public Productivity
The National Center for Public Productivity is a research and public service organization devoted to improving productivity in the public sector. Its mission is to assist federal, state, local and not-for-profit agencies in further improving their capacity to provide quality services.
The Citizen Driven Government Performance project is designed to involve community stakeholders in assessing and improving performance and influencing how government services are made more responsive to community needs and priorities. The project is tailored to specific community needs and citizens are intimately involved in identifying issues and measures of performance.
NCPP and the Public Employees Roundtable, with financial support from GITEC and ASPA, developed a Worldwide Best Practices website that "serves as a tool to guide you to public sector best practices you may be seeking. Finding appropriate best practices will enable you to build upon the efforts of others and avoid known pitfalls, thus improving the performance of your organization."
- National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL)
In the fall of 1997, NCSL reported that 43 states had adopted some kind of performance based budgeting system.
- National Research Council
The National Research Council is a part of the National Academies, which serve as advisors to the nation in science, engineering, and medicine. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the National Research Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The National Research Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine.
- Neighborhood Capital Budget Group (NCGB)
The goal of this project is to do citizen-based assessments of public transportation in and around Chicago. NCGB has also been working to establish the Campaign for Better Transit, a new organization dedicated to the needs of the people who ride the CTA, Metra, and Pace
- New York Public Interest Research Group (NYPIRG)
NYPIRG is New York State's largest research and advocacy non-profit organization primarily focused on environmental preservation, consumer protection, government reform and public health issues.
The NYPIRG Straphangers Campaign has been a respected voice for the city's nearly 7 million daily subway and bus riders since 1979. The goal of this project is to study and report on the performance of the New York City Transit Authority.
- OMB Watch
OMB Watch is guided by the belief that improving access to our governmental decision-makers and energizing citizen participation will lead to a more just, equitable and accountable government, which will ultimately strengthen our civil society.
- The Public Policy Institute of New York State, Inc. (PPI)
PPI is a research and educational organization whose purpose is to formulate and promote public policies that will restore New York's economic competitiveness. The Institute accomplishes this mission by conducting timely, in-depth research addressing key state policy issues. These findings are effectively communicated to the Institute’s primary audiences: members of the New York State Legislature, key legislative staff members, policymakers in the Executive branch, the state's news media, and the academic and policy communities. The Institute achieves this by studies, reports, lectures and conferences.
- Redefining Progress
A community indicators movement has arisen around the nation, as local government, business, and grassroots leaders seek better ways to measure progress, to engage community members in a dialogue about the future, and to change community outcomes. Redefining Progress, a San Francisco-based organization, has developed the Community Indicators Project, which includes a searchable database of over 150 community indicator projects from around the United States and several international projects, and links to the websites of over seventy community indicators projects.
Redefining Progress also joined with the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), Environment Canada, the World Bank and the United Nations Division for Sustainable Development. The Compendium of Sustainable Development Indicator Initiatives, a worldwide directory of who is doing what in the field of sustainability indicators.
- Rockefeller Institute of Government
The Nelson A. Rockefeller Institute of Government, the public policy research arm of the State University of New York. The Institute conducts research on the role of state and local governments in American federalism and on the management and finances of states and localities.
The Higher Education Program seeks practical approaches to the issues facing colleges and universities by combining the expertise of practitioners and researchers in higher education with the contributions and concerns of trustees and opinion leaders in government, labor, and business.
Quicker, Better, Cheaper? is the culmination of an 18-month examination of performance management in American government, funded by the Pew Charitable Trusts.
- The Southern Regional Education Board (SREB)
The Southern Regional Education Board was founded in 1948 at the request of Southern leaders in business, education and government; it was the nation’s first compact for education. Over the years SREB has worked to improve every aspect of education—from early childhood education to doctoral degrees and beyond.
The board is composed of each member state's governor and four other people selected by the governor. At least one of those appointees must be a legislator, and at least one must be an educator. The SREB member states are Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and West Virginia.
- United Way
The Outcome Measurement Resource Network's purpose is to provide United Way of America's and other organizations' outcome measurement knowledge and resources. They have developed accountability measures and procedures for use in agencies providing health, youth and family services.
United Way of Metropolitan Dallas established a website to assist human service organizations in evaluating the effectiveness of their programs and to help them identify resources that will enable them deliver services in a more effective manner.
- The Urban Institute
The Urban Institute is a nonprofit policy research organization established in Washington, D.C., in 1968. The Institute's goals are to sharpen thinking about society's problems and efforts to solve them, improve government decisions and their implementation, and increase citizens' awareness about important public choices.
- Worcester Regional Research Bureau
The primary activities of the Research Bureau are to prepare research reports on municipal and regional issues, sponsor public forums on matters of current concern to the community, disseminate the results of their work, and to educate the public. Their reports present detailed analyses of issues on which both citizens and public officials can base decisions that affect the welfare of everyone in the community.
The Center for Community Performance Measurement was created in January 2001 to which they use performance measurement data to determine whether the City of Worcester and the Worcester Public Schools were achieving the goals set forth in their respective strategic plans.
Originally developed by the Center on Municipal Government Performance of the Fund for the City of New York, ComNETSM empowers residents to systematically identify unsatisfactory conditions and easily report them to appropriate City departments and organizations so they can be addressed.
